The ending of Prometheus leaves Shaw alive and heading for the Engineers' home world instead of Earth, with the central question of the film still unanswered. After the crash, Shaw recovers what is left of David, who helps her take another Engineer ship. She decides to fly to the Engineers' home world to ask why they wanted to destroy humanity.
In my opinion that choice matters more than the wreckage behind her, because it turns a survival story into an unfinished search. Earlier, the surviving Engineer had restarted its ship to carry a deadly weapon to Earth, and Janek's decision to crash the Prometheus into it is what stops that. Shaw is left with the motive, not the threat. The film never says why the Engineers turned on us, and it could be argued that the silence is deliberate. The opening scene supports that reading: an alien drinks a dark liquid and its DNA scatters into a waterfall, and the black liquid David later takes from the cylinder appears to echo it, though the film leaves the link unspoken.
The last shot is the clearest signal that the film belongs to the same world as the earlier entries. A new creature bursts from the dead Engineer's chest, and that creature points to the monster of the original Alien, leaving room for a sequel. That moment answers the chestburster of Alien (1979), but in reverse: there, the crew of the Nostromo answers a signal from a moon and finds a wrecked alien ship holding egg-like organisms, whereas here the birth comes from the Engineer, the very kind of being that left the wreck. Scott directed both films, so the echo is deliberate bookkeeping on the director's part, even though Damon Lindelof's rewrite of Jon Spaihts' first script was meant to be set in the Alien universe without being a direct prequel. That explains why the ending hints at the xenomorph instead of delivering one.
The scale of the production also shapes the ending. Prometheus cost $130 million, according to Box Office Mojo, and that larger canvas, shot in 3D, allows a story about origins to end on a question, where Alien (1979) and aliens 1986 end on escape. The film grossed about $403 million worldwide, according to Box Office Mojo, which is the commercial context for the follow up. The next film in release order is Alien: Covenant, also directed by Scott, which has its own alien covenant page. It opens with a damaged colony ship in 2104 and brings back Fassbender, billed there as David / Walter, so David's survival at the end of Prometheus is the thread the series picks up. For the creature itself, see the xenomorph entry and the xenomorph life cycle guide.